Aim
To observe and summarize the phenotypic spectrums of DDOD syndrome and to investigate the treatment of DDOD syndrome.
Methods
Collection of DDOD syndrome cases, report and follow-up on the phenotypes; Genetic testing for the mutation(s) of DDOD syndrome; Evaluation of treatment, e.g., the rehabilitation of hearing and language in DDOD syndrome patients after cochlea implant compared with that of cases diagnosed hearing loss but without other symptoms.